Causes of Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver usually results from a combination of factors over an extended period. The most common causes include being obese or overweight (especially around the abdomen), having type 2 diabetes mellitus or insulin resistance, having high blood cholesterol or high triglycerides, and drinking too much alcohol. Less common causes are an underactive thyroid, certain medicines, and having polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Some women can also develop fatty liver due to pregnancy complications in the later stages.
There are two main types of fatty liver disease:
- Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease: This is the most common type, also known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis. It’s mainly caused by being overweight or obese and not being active enough.
- Alcohol-related Fatty Liver Disease: This is caused by consuming excessive alcohol over long periods. You’re at risk if you drink more than 10 standard drinks a week or binge drink (have more than 4 standard drinks in a day).
Diagnosis of Fatty Liver Disease
Doctors usually diagnose fatty liver by first talking to patients and then conducting an examination. You may be asked to take a blood test called a liver function test to assess the health of your liver. Additionally, scans like an ultrasound or an MRI scan might be required. If the tests indicate fatty liver, further tests could be needed. Depending on the results, the doctor may refer you to a gastroenterologist. In severe cases, a liver biopsy might be organized to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the disease.
